The history of the suburb of Heath

Until the 18th century, Heath was a large parcel of common land to the north of Cardiff, which was pitted with swamps, and covered by an extensive forest. The Heath was actually two areas of land - 'Little Heath' covered much of Cathays and Roath whilst 'The Great Heath' extended as far as Llanishen and Rhiwbina.

In the 1760s, part of the Great Heath became a racecourse which was two miles in length. The Heath Enclosure Act of 1802 allowed the Cardiff Corporation to auction off the common land at Heath to raise revenue. When the Great Heath was sold, the racecourse was retained, even though it was beginning to lose its appeal. Rich, powerful families such as the Lewises were some of the main benefactors of the auction. In return for cancelling a number of fairly small debts, the Corporation also transferred a proportion of its land to the Marquis of Bute at a bargain price.

The Enclosure Act transformed the Heath into an arable farming community, with Heath Farm, Allensbank Farm and Ton-yr-Ywen Farm all being created to tame and develop the land. Much of the woodland was preserved and for more than a century, the district retained its rural aspect. Apart from the farms the only buildings in the district were a few cottages and Heathfield House, later known as ‘Heath House’. This property was built by the Reverend W. Price Lewis in the mid 1840's, which added to the Lewis family's expansive estate on the Heath.

By the 1960s, most of the Heath was an urban suburb after lands owned by the Lewises and Butes were sold off for new housing developments. One area was saved from the rapid expansion of housing however; when the City Council purchased Heath House and associated parkland from a descendant of the Lewis family in 1938. Unfortunately, the house was destroyed by fire in 1965. Bordered by King George V Drive, Heath Park is one of Cardiff’s finest facilities, which over the years has served many purposes. During World War 2, the park was initially used for military training, then by American forces making preparations for D-Day.

The Heath was badly hit during the War, when in May 1943, bombs fell in Allensbank Road, severely damaging the Heath Hotel and a row of houses, whilst in St Agnes Road, four houses were struck, resulting in nine people losing their life. By 1946, Heath Park was the site for a temporary training college for teachers. Even after the Cardiff College of Education opened in Cyncoed, the temporary campus in the Heath was not closed until 1974. Sixty years on, a few remaining wartime buildings are still used by the Local Authority.

A small part of Heath Park was lost forever when the University Hospital of Wales (referred to locally as "the Heath" or UHW), was constructed. This major 1000-bed building was opened by the Queen in 1971, and is the 3rd largest hospital in the United Kingdom. In January 2009, the BBC announced that would soon be broadcasting a documentary series filmed at the UHW. The hospital's location was chosen because of its proximity to Eastern and Northern Avenues, whose construction were nearing completion at the time.

The intimidating Gabalfa interchange can be difficult to negotiate, and the main routes through the suburb are frequently clogged with traffic, however; the large houses, nearby allotments, and vicinity to Roath Park Lake is addition to it's own Park makes Heath a very pleasant place in which to live.

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